This paper analyzes the possible impact of Mexico’s energy reform on the country’s environment, as well as the challenges to preserving natural resources and access to water while also supporting the expanding oil and gas sector. This paper is part of a Baker Institute Mexico Center research project examining the rule of law in Mexico (http://www.bakerinstitute.org/the-rule-of-law-and-mexicos-energy-reform/) and the challenges it poses to implementing the country's energy reform.