The recent energy reform in Mexico is the most radical institutional change the country has experienced since the nationalization of the oil industry in 1938. The authors of this paper outline how this major reform was accomplished, examining its primary supporters and detractors, the multi-dimensional interests at play, and the negotiation strategies used. They also analyze the quality of the prior deliberation process in order to determine the degree of legitimacy of the reform. This paper is part of a Baker Institute Mexico Center research project examining the rule of law in Mexico (http://www.bakerinstitute.org/the-rule-of-law/) and the challenges it poses to implementing the country's energy reform.