The relation between group diversity and group functioning: Disentangling the effects of objective and subjective diversity

Abstract

This research proposes a revised conceptualization of the construct of diversity in groups to include both the traditional, objective diversity as well as perceptual, subjective diversity. Theoretical rationale for the differentiation is discussed and a framework is proposed in which objective and subjective diversity both have independent effects on group processes and outcomes. Hypotheses were tested through the use of a laboratory experiment in which 46 groups of 3--4 persons each performed organizational simulation tasks. Results include a series of hierarchical regression analyses that provide initial support for the differentiation between objective and subjective diversity. Issues of aggregation, level of analysis, and methodology are discussed. Additionally, the implications of the differentiation of objective and subjective diversity are highlighted.